Contact processes on random graphs with power law degree distributions have critical value 0.

Shirshendu Chatterjee and Rick Durrett

Abstract. If we consider the contact process with infection rate l on a random graph on n vertices with power law degree distributions, mean field calculations suggest that the critical value lc of the infection rate is positive if the power a > 3. Physicists seem to regard this as an established fact, since the result has recently been generalized to bipartite graphs by Gomez-Gardenes et al (2008) [PNAS 105, 1399-1404]. Here, we show that the critical value lc is zero for any value of a > 3, and the contact process, starting from all vertices infected, maintains a positive density of infected sites for time at least exp(n 1- d ) for any d > 0. Using the last result, together with the contact process duality, we can establish the existence of a quasi-stationary distribution in which a randomly chosen vertex is occupied with probability r(l). It is expected that r(l) ≈ C lb as l → 0. Here we show that a - 1 ≤ b ≤ 2 a - 3, and so b > 2 for a > 3. Thus even though the graph is locally tree-like, b does not take the mean field critical value b=1.

Preprint


Back to Durrett's home page